Thousands Could Have A 'Hole In The Heart' Without Knowing — Here Are The Symptoms To Watch For

Some people may live their entire lives without ever realizing they were born with a heart defect that left a 'hole' in their heart.

Medically known as atrial septal defect (ASD), this congenital heart condition can often go undetected for years. Many of the symptoms are so subtle that they may either be overlooked completely or mistakenly attributed to other conditions, such as general fatigue.

When someone has ASD, it means they were born with a hole in their atrial septum, the wall that separates the two upper chambers of the heart, known as the atria. Because of this opening, oxygen-rich blood and oxygen-poor blood can end up mixing together, which may compromise the efficiency of the heart and lungs over time.

ASD may be difficult to spot. Often, the only early indicator at birth is an unusual sound in the heartbeat known as a murmur. This is described as a whooshing or swishing sound caused by turbulent blood flow through the heart.

Identifying ASD can be challenging. In many cases, a doctor may first detect it during a routine checkup by hearing a murmur through a stethoscope. However, further tests are typically needed for a definitive diagnosis. While an electrocardiogram (ECG) can sometimes reveal signs of ASD, an echocardiogram is considered the more accurate and reliable method for detecting the defect.

In children, ASD often presents with only mild symptoms, according to the British Heart Foundation. One of the few visible signs can be shortness of breath during physical activity.

Other possible symptoms in both children and adults include shortness of breath when exercising, tiredness following physical activity, swelling of the legs, feet, or belly, an irregular heartbeat, and heart palpitations, according to the Mayo Clinic.

While ASD may not cause significant issues early in life, over time it can lead to complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, or pulmonary hypertension if left untreated. This makes early diagnosis and monitoring critically important for long-term heart health.

Congenital heart diseases like ASD affect almost 1 in 100 babies born in the UK

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In children, ASD often presents with only mild symptoms, according to the British Heart Foundation. One of the few visible signs can be shortness of breath during physical activity.

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Symptoms of an atrial septal defect (ASD) sometimes do not appear until adulthood. If you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is important to consult your doctor for a proper evaluation.

If left undetected and untreated, ASD can lead to permanent damage to both the heart and lungs. The condition also increases the risk of serious complications, including stroke, early death, and high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs, known as pulmonary hypertension.

According to the British Heart Foundation, there is currently no medication that can make an ASD smaller or help it close faster. The only way to repair the defect is through surgery.

Surgical treatment for ASD typically involves closing the hole in the heart. There are two main types of procedures: keyhole surgery, a less invasive method performed through small incisions in the chest, and traditional open-heart surgery, which requires a larger incision and direct access to the heart.

Experts highlight that awareness is key to managing atrial septal defects effectively. A heart health educator suggests that individuals should pay close attention to any unexplained fatigue or exercise intolerance, particularly if they have a family history of heart issues. Regular check-ups can also facilitate early detection, allowing for timely intervention.

Additionally, lifestyle modifications—like maintaining a healthy diet and engaging in regular physical activity—can help mitigate symptoms and improve overall heart health.

If left undetected and untreated, ASD can lead to permanent damage to both the heart and lungs.

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Recognizing Symptoms Early

Dr. Steven Gundry, a prominent cardiologist, emphasizes the importance of early detection for conditions like atrial septal defect (ASD). He notes that subtle symptoms, such as fatigue and shortness of breath, can often be mistaken for less serious health issues. In his clinical practice, he encourages patients to undergo regular echocardiograms, especially if there's a family history of congenital heart defects.

By being proactive, individuals can prevent complications, including heart failure or pulmonary hypertension, which can develop over time if ASD goes untreated.

The British Heart Foundation explains that most children diagnosed with ASD will go on to live completely normal lives following treatment.

They said: "There is no need to restrict your child’s physical activity, and no special precautions are necessary."

The American Heart Association also shares a positive outlook, stating that most children require no further treatment after surgery. They explain: "Depending on the type of ASD, your child's pediatric cardiologist may examine your child periodically to look for uncommon problems."

"For a short time after surgery to close an ASD, a pediatric cardiologist must regularly examine the child.""The long-term outlook is excellent, and usually no medicines and no additional surgery or catheterization are needed."

Both organizations highlight that, with proper treatment, children with ASD can expect a full recovery and a healthy future.

Psychological Insights & Implications

In conclusion, understanding the implications of a congenital heart defect like atrial septal defect is crucial for long-term health. With proper education and awareness, individuals can recognize the symptoms early and engage in preventive measures. Dr. Joel Kahn, a renowned cardiologist, asserts that lifestyle choices play a vital role in heart health. A balanced diet, regular exercise, and routine medical check-ups can significantly reduce risks associated with undiagnosed conditions. By staying informed and proactive, individuals can lead healthier lives and prevent serious complications down the line.